I dont like using the word poor, but yes what works for lower income communities is the value proposition of profitability by volume more than margin. Then the target boils down to raising their income and therefore affordability, I am looking at 100,000 economically active people in a catchment of 5 Milllion in Eastern Uganda, with very low or no formal income. If they paid $1 a month, That would be $1Million in a year, that can fund a lot of solutions that would lift incomes that in turn can establish re investment. I believe match funding for various sectors can then be catalysed. The key issue is the initial start up fund to mobilise organise and register onto a platform to implement, itself a tech driven platform
I like 2.
3 is tricky to implement in low income settings and chalenging to scale up